Leptospirosis Veterinary Advisory

Posted July 16, 2025. Past health advisories and alerts are archived for historical purposes and are not maintained or updated.

July 11, 2025

Current Situation

A confirmed case of canine leptospirosis within Spokane County was recently reported to the Spokane Regional Health District.

What is Leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The disease can cause serious illness in dogs and poses a zoonotic risk to humans.

Risks to Pets and People

Infected animals shed bacteria in their urine. Transmission to other animals or people can occur via contact with urine or other body fluids (excluding saliva) from infected animals, as well as contact with soil, water, or food contaminated by the urine of infected animals. The bacteria can enter the body through breaks in the skin (such as open wounds) or by contact with mucous membranes including the eyes, nose and mouth. Leptospira bacteria can survive in water or soil for weeks to months if conditions are right. While rare, transmission to humans can occur; veterinary staff and pet owners should take precautions when handling infected dogs

Preventing Infection in Pets

Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent leptospirosis in dogs. Veterinarians should discuss vaccination during annual visits and reinforce its role in protecting both pets and people. Pet owners should limit their dog’s access to standing or untreated water sources, prevent contact with wildlife, and take steps to remediate or prevent rodents in or around their home. 

Preventing Transmission to People

Veterinary staff should use contact precautions with animals suspected or confirmed to have leptospirosis. Post warning signs on cages or kennels to alert staff. Cover any broken skin or wounds, and wear gloves when handling animals or cleaning surfaces contaminated with urine. Additional PPE may be needed if splashes or sprays are likely.

Symptoms in people can include fever, headache, chills, body aches, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, or jaundice. The incubation period can be up to 4 weeks. Staff exposed to infected animals who develop symptoms should contact their healthcare provider and mention the exposure. Pregnant and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk of complications and should consult their provider if concerned.

Veterinary Guidance

• Canine leptospirosis is a reportable animal disease in Washington. Cases should be reported to the Washington State Department of Agriculture here.
• If leptospirosis is suspected, pet owners should be made aware of the zoonotic risk and provided information about basic precautions they can take to protect their health. This public health Fact Sheet provides general guidance.